It’s good that the students do/are doing their homework before each class. Es bueno que los estudiantes hagan la tarea antes de cada clase. Often, impersonal expressions prompt the use of the subjunctive. If a reaction or opinion is expressed in main clause, the subjunctive is used in the dependent clause. Here we use the present indicative to signal that this is something that speaker believes and is asserting (even though we know that what she is saying is not true). Obviously the sky is blue regardless of the speaker’s beliefs, but we use the subjunctive to express her point of view.Īlternatively. For example: Ejemplo(s): - No creo que el cielo sea azul. Remember that the subjunctive is only signaling viewpoint (that the speaker doesn’t believe it or thinks it improbable), not whether something is actually true or not. It is easy to get confused about the difference between representing the speaker’s point of view and the actual truth value of the speaker’s statements. The following phrases often appear in main clauses and trigger the use of the subjunctive in the subordinate clause: My friend doubts that our team will win the championship. Ejemplo(s): -Mi amigo duda que nuestro equipo gane el campeonato. In subordinate clauses the modality of certainty of who speaks, even if it refers to future tense, propitiates the use of the Indicative Mode.If the speaker is expressing doubt, disbelief or uncertainty in the main clause, the subjunctive is used in subordinate clause to signal this. This usage occurs in Brazilian Portuguese with speakers of all levels of education in face-to-face situations and with proximity. The Indicative Mode serves to express the Imperative Mode, not containing the "order". For the use of the Indicative Mode with the imperative function, we found out that the selection of verbal morphology is under pressure of pragmatic-discursive relationship. The sememe of futurity, identified in the propositional level, tends to preserve the use of the subjunctive mode, according to the normative standard grammar, and is used by speakers of medium and high level of education. We considered as a dependent variable of verbal mode, for understanding the phenomenon of alternation between subjunctive and indicative mode, the linguistic aspects: type of clause, verbal choice of main clause and verbal tense of the occurrence (the subordinate clause or independent clause). The use of Subjunctive Mode, as the variation, was studied from the perspective of the emergent grammar of Givón, focused on grammar for communication and that emerges from communicative purposes shaping the discourse. The research is based on principles of linguistic functionalism and has as a starting point the grammatical rules of the normative standard proposed by Brazilian traditional grammarians. This paper describes the occurrences of the Subjunctive Mode with the notion of futurity, to express the not factual and the variation of the present subjunctive mode by use of the present Indicative Mode. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)īiblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPĬNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LETRAS::LINGUA PORTUGUESA The research is based on principles of linguistic functionalism and has as a starting point th.įull description Bibliographic Details Author: Usos do modo subjuntivo no Português brasileiro